Recently, public health has received reports
of more people than expected who are seeking health care with gastroenteritis
"stomach flu" in the community. A virus
can cause your stomach or intestines or both to get inflamed (acute gastroenteritis). This leads you
to have stomach pain, nausea, diarrhea, and to throw up.
Norovirus is the most common cause of acute
gastroenteritis in the United States. Each year, it causes about 21 million
illnesses and contributes to about 70,000 hospitalizations and 800 deaths.
Anyone can be infected with Norovirus and get sick. You can also have Norovirus illness many times
in your life. Norovirus illness can be
serious, especially for young children and older adults.
Norovirus is
very contagious. It passes easily from person to person. You can get Norovirus
from an infected person who can have millions of bacteria in one episode of
diarrhea. Coming in contact with contaminated
food or water or touching contaminated surfaces can cause you to become sick.
According to the CDC, the best way to help
prevent Norovirus is to practice proper hand washing and general
cleanliness. The following are some tips
that can keep you from becoming infected or from spreading the virus to someone
else.
Practice
proper hand hygiene: Wash your
hands carefully, 20 seconds of lather, with soap and rinse with water. Don't forget to dry. The Norovirus can be
found in your vomit or stool even before you begin to feel sick. The virus can stay in your stool for 2 weeks
or more after you feel better. Therefore,
it is important to continue washing your hands often during this time.
Alcohol-based hand sanitizers can be used in
addition to hand washing. However, they
should not be used as a substitute for washing with soap and water.
Food
Handling: Carefully wash fruits
and vegetables before preparing and eating them. Cook oysters and other
shellfish thoroughly before eating them. Be aware that Noroviruses are hard to kill.
They can survive temperatures as high as 140°F and the quick steaming processes
that are often used for cooking shellfish. Food that might be contaminated with Norovirus
should be thrown out. When you are sick,
do not prepare food or care for others who are sick for at least 2 to 3 days
after you recover. This also applies to
sick workers in settings such as schools and daycares where they may expose
people to Norovirus. Keep sick infants
and children out of areas where food is being handled and prepared.
Clean
and disinfect contaminated surfaces: If possible and practical it is best for a sick adult to clean up
after themselves. After throwing up or
having diarrhea, immediately clean and disinfect contaminated surfaces by using
a chlorine bleach solution with a concentration of 1000 – 5000 ppm (5 – 25
tablespoons of household bleach [5.25%] per gallon of water). It
is important for this solution to mixed fresh every 24 hours. You may use a disinfectant registered as
effective against norovirus by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Keep your hands away from your face, nose and
mouth while cleaning and until you have thoroughly washed them.
Wash
laundry thoroughly: Immediately remove and wash clothing or linens
that may be contaminated with vomit or stool. Handle soiled items carefully—without shaking
them—to avoid spreading the virus. If
available, wear rubber or disposable gloves while handling soiled clothing or
linens and wash your hands after handling. The items should be washed with detergent at
the maximum available cycle length and
machine dry them.
If you should have
additional questions, contact the West Central Health District at (706)
321-6108 or visit our website at www.columbushealth.com
or cdc.gov/norovirus.
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